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AI21 Glossary

Discover key AI terms in one place — simplifying complex concepts across artificial intelligence, machine learning, and data science.

AI adoption is the practice of integrating artificial intelligence (AI) into an organization’s operations to enhance efficiency and decision-making. AI…

Artificial General Intelligence (AGI)

Artificial general intelligence (AGI) is a theoretical form of artificial intelligence (AI) that can learn, understand, and perform any intellectual…

Closed-Source LLM

A closed-source LLM is a large language model whose source code is not publicly available. It is owned, developed, and…

Deep learning is a type of machine learning (ML) used in many artificial intelligence (AI) applications. It is particularly effective…

Generative AI (GenAI)

Generative AI (GenAI) is a type of artificial intelligence designed to create new content, such as text, images, videos, music,…

Labeled data is data that has been annotated with tags or identifiers to add meaning and context. It is essential…

Language Models (LLMs)

Large language models (LLMs) are deep learning models designed to process and generate human-like language. They are capable of text…

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs)

Large reasoning models (LRMs) are artificial intelligence (AI) models that use natural language processing (NLP) combined with reasoning capabilities. They…

LLM Temperature

Temperature is a setting that controls how predictable or varied a language model’s output is — from consistent, fact-based responses…

LLM-as-a-Judge (LaaJ) is a method for evaluating the outputs of large language models (LLMs) by using another LLM to assess…

Machine Learning

Machine learning (ML) is a subset of artificial intelligence (AI) that enables computers to perform tasks by learning from data,…

Neural Networks

Neural networks are computer systems modeled after the human brain that can recognize patterns, make predictions, and improve over time…

Open-Source LLM

An open-source LLM is a large language model whose code and design are freely available for anyone to access, use,…

Overfitting occurs when a machine learning (ML) model performs well on training data but fails to generalize to new, unseen…

RAG as a Service (RaaS)

RAG as a Service (RaaS) is a managed solution that enables businesses to use Retrieval-Augmented Generation without building and maintaining…

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a technique that improves the accuracy of AI-generated responses by combining a language model – a…

Underfitting is a common challenge in developing a machine learning (ML) model. It occurs when the model is too simplistic…

Unlabeled data is raw data used in machine learning (ML) that has no annotations, tags, categories, or labels. It is…